Obstruction
Obstruction a foul committed by a player who does not have control of the ball using his body to get in the way of his opponent (football) (chambers. Sports factf.,2005, 261P.) Obstruction an infringement that involves an opposition player blocking or interfering with a pass or shot. A penalty pass or penalty shot is awarded to the obstructed team (netball) (chambers. Sports factf.,2005, 428P.) Obstruction getting in the way of an opponent who’s chasing the ball. Also called blocking (rugby) obstruction penalty given when players turn in front of the opposition or use a stick to bar the opponent’s way (hockey) (chambers. Sports factf.,2005, 323P.) Obstruction touching the ball with any part of the body or clothing while it is over the table and before it has bounced in the proper court. The offender loses the point (table tennis) obstruction 1. In handball a legal tactical offensive measure: an offensive player attempts to limit the freedom of movement of a defensive player in such a manner that another offensive player is able to run clear and is therefore in a position where the ball can be passed to him, a player is allowed to use only his trunk and not his arms, hands, or legs for blocking. 2. In soccer obstruction without the ball represents a rule violation which is penalized with a free kick awarded to the opponent, it is used as a defensive measure. Obstruction without the ball occurs when a player blocks an opponent’s way to the ball with his body, if a player is already in possession of the ball, blocking or covering the ball is permitted. 3. In field hockey obstructing an opponent in his attempt to get possession of the ball, an obstruction represents a rule violation and is penalized with a free hit. (H.Haag &g. Haag, dictionary, 2003, 334p)
Source: http://lspa.eu/files/study/lection_materials/U.Svinks/Sport_lexis_terms_explanatory_dictionary_in_english.pdf
List of Literature and The List of Abbreviations sources used in the source document
1. Chambers Sports Factfinder. Chambers Harrap Publishers Ltd 2005. [ISBN 0550 101616] (Chambers. Sports Factf.,2005)
2. Dictionary of Leisure, Travel and Tourism. Third edition. A&C Black Publishers Ltd, 2008. [ISBN 9780713685459] (Dict. of Leis., Trav. and Tour., 2008)
3. Dictionary. Sport, Physical Education, Sport Science. Editors Herbert Haag&Gerald Haag. Kiel, Institut für Sport und Sportwissenschaften, 2003. [ISBN 3-7780-3419-7] ((H.Haag &G. Haag, Dictionary, 2003)
4. Dictionary of Sport and Exercise Science A&Black Publishers Ltd 2006. [ISBN -10: 0713677856; ISBN-13: 9780713677850] (Dict. of Sp.and Ex.Sc,2006)
5. Dictionary of the Sport and Exercise Sciences. Mark H.Anshel, Editor. Human Kinetics Books Champaign, Illinois, 1991 [ISBN: 0-87322-379-9] (Dict. of sp. and Ex. Sc. 1991)
Web site to visit: http://lspa.eu
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