Chamfer distance
Chamfer distance a digital distance based on a chamfer mask, which gives the distance between a pixel and those in its neighborhood, then the chamfer distance between two non-neighboring pixels (resp., Voxels) is the smallest weighted length of a digital path joining them. The word “chamfer” comes from the fact that with such a distance a circle is in fact a polygon. The n-dimensional manhattan and chessboard distances are chamfer distances, the euclidean distance is not. In the 2-d plane, the best chamfer distances are given by the (3, 4) and (5, 7, 11) chamfer masks: in the (3, 4) mask, a pixel is at distance 3 from its horizontal/vertical neighbors and at distance 4 from its diagonal neighbors, while in the (5, 7, 11) mask, it is at distance 5 from its horizontal/vertical neighbors, at distance 7 from its diagonal neighbors, and at distance 11 from its neighbors distant by 1 and 2 respectively along the two axes. See chessboard distance, euclidean distance, manhattan distance.
Source: http://ee.sharif.edu/~lcsl/useful/Electrical%20Engineering%20Dictionary.pdf
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Author of the text: Ed. P.A. Laplante Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 2000
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