Public key cryptography
Public key cryptography two different keys are used for the encryption of the plaintext and decryption of the ciphertext. Whenever a transmitter intends sending a receiver a sensitive message that requires encryption, the transmitter will encrypt the message using a key that the receiver makes available publically to anyone wanting to send them encrypted messages. On receiving the encrypted message, the receiver applies a secret key and recovers the original plaintext information sent by the transmitter. In contrast to secret key cryptography, public key cryptography does not suffer from the problem of having to ensure the secrecy of a key. See also private key cryptography.
Source: http://ee.sharif.edu/~lcsl/useful/Electrical%20Engineering%20Dictionary.pdf
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Author of the text: Ed. P.A. Laplante Boca Raton: CRC Press LLC, 2000
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