2.1 Multiple-Choice and Bimodal Questions
1) A certain mass of carbon reacts with 13.6 g of oxygen to form carbon monoxide. __________ grams of oxygen would react with that same mass of carbon to form carbon dioxide, according to the law of multiple proportions?
A) 25.6
B) 6.8
C) 13.6
D) 136
E) 27.2
Answer: E
Diff: 3
Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
2) Methane and ethane are both made up of carbon and hydrogen. In methane, there are 12.0 g of carbon for every 4.00 g of hydrogen, a ratio of 3:1 by mass. In ethane, there are 24.0 g of carbon for every 6.00 g of hydrogen, a ratio of 4:1 by mass. This is an illustration of the law of __________.
A) constant composition
B) multiple proportions
C) conservation of matter
D) conservation of mass
E) octaves
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
3) Which statement below correctly describes the responses of alpha, beta, and gamma radiation to an electric field?
A) Both beta and gamma are deflected in the same direction, while alpha shows no response.
B) Both alpha and gamma are deflected in the same direction, while beta shows no response.
C) Both alpha and beta are deflected in the same direction, while gamma shows no response.
D) Alpha and beta are deflected in opposite directions, while gamma shows no response.
E) Only alpha is deflected, while beta and gamma show no response.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
4) __________ and __________ reside in the atomic nucleus.
A) Protons, electrons
B) Electrons, neutrons
C) Protons, neutrons
D) none of the above
E) Neutrons, only neutrons
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
5) 200 pm is the same as __________ Å.
A) 2000
B) 20
C) 200
D) 2
E)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
6) The atomic number indicates __________.
A) the number of neutrons in a nucleus
B) the total number of neutrons and protons in a nucleus
C) the number of protons or electrons in a neutral atom
D) the number of atoms in 1 g of an element
E) the number of different isotopes of an element
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
7) Which pair of atoms constitutes a pair of isotopes of the same element?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
8) The nucleus of an atom contains __________.
A) electrons
B) protons, neutrons, and electrons
C) protons and neutrons
D) protons and electrons
E) protons
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
9) In the periodic table, the rows are called __________ and the columns are called __________.
A) octaves, groups
B) staffs, families
C) periods, groups
D) cogeners, families
E) rows, groups
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
10) Which group in the periodic table contains only nonmetals?
A) 1A
B) 6A
C) 2B
D) 2A
E) 8A
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
11) The element __________ is the most similar to strontium in chemical and physical properties.
A) Li
B) At
C) Rb
D) Ba
E) Cs
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
12) Horizontal rows of the periodic table are known as __________.
A) periods
B) groups
C) metalloids
D) metals
E) nonmetals
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
13) Vertical columns of the periodic table are known as __________.
A) metals
B) periods
C) nonmetals
D) groups
E) metalloids
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
14) Elements in Group 1A are known as the __________.
A) chalcogens
B) alkaline earth metals
C) alkali metals
D) halogens
E) noble gases
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
15) Elements in Group 2A are known as the __________.
A) alkaline earth metals
B) alkali metals
C) chalcogens
D) halogens
E) noble gases
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
16) Elements in Group 6A are known as the __________.
A) alkali metals
B) chalcogens
C) alkaline earth metals
D) halogens
E) noble gases
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
17) Elements in Group 7A are known as the __________.
A) chalcogens
B) alkali metals
C) alkaline earth metals
D) halogens
E) noble gases
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
18) Elements in Group 8A are known as the __________.
A) halogens
B) alkali metals
C) alkaline earth metals
D) chalcogens
E) noble gases
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
19) Potassium is a __________ and chlorine is a __________.
A) metal, nonmetal
B) metal, metal
C) metal, metalloid
D) metalloid, nonmetal
E) nonmetal, metal
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
20) Lithium is a __________ and magnesium is a __________.
A) nonmetal, metal
B) nonmetal, nonmetal
C) metal, metal
D) metal, metalloid
E) metalloid, metalloid
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
21) Oxygen is a __________ and nitrogen is a __________.
A) metal, metalloid
B) nonmetal, metal
C) metalloid, metalloid
D) nonmetal, nonmetal
E) nonmetal, metalloid
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
22) Calcium is a __________ and silver is a __________.
A) nonmetal, metal
B) metal, metal
C) metalloid, metal
D) metal, metalloid
E) nonmetal, metalloid
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
23) __________ are found uncombined, as monatomic species in nature.
A) Noble gases
B) Chalcogens
C) Alkali metals
D) Alkaline earth metals
E) Halogens
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
24) When a metal and a nonmetal react, the __________ tends to lose electrons and the __________ tends to gain electrons.
A) metal, metal
B) nonmetal, nonmetal
C) metal, nonmetal
D) nonmetal, metal
E) None of the above, these elements share electrons.
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
25) The empirical formula of a compound with molecules containing 12 carbon atoms, 14 hydrogen atoms, and 6 oxygen atoms is __________.
A)
B) CHO
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
26) __________ typically form ions with a 2+ charge.
A) Alkaline earth metals
B) Halogens
C) Chalcogens
D) Alkali metals
E) Transition metals
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
27) What is the formula of the compound formed between strontium ions and nitrogen ions?
A) SrN
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 3
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
28) Magnesium reacts with a certain element to form a compound with the general formula MgX. What would the most likely formula be for the compound formed between potassium and element X?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
29) The formula of a salt is . The X-ion in this salt has 28 electrons. The metal X is __________.
A) Ni
B) Zn
C) Fe
D) V
E) Pd
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
30) The charge on the manganese in the salt is __________.
A) 1+
B) 1-
C) 2+
D) 2-
E) 3+
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
31) Aluminum reacts with a certain nonmetallic element to form a compound with the general formula AlX. Element X is a diatomic gas at room temperature. Element X must be __________.
A) oxygen
B) fluorine
C) chlorine
D) nitrogen
E) sulfur
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
32) Sodium forms an ion with a charge of __________.
A) 1+
B) 1-
C) 2+
D) 2-
E) 0
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
33) Potassium forms an ion with a charge of __________.
A) 2+
B) 1-
C) 1+
D) 2-
E) 0
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
34) Calcium forms an ion with a charge of __________.
A) 1-
B) 2-
C) 1+
D) 2+
E) 0
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
35) Barium forms an ion with a charge of __________.
A) 1+
B) 2-
C) 3+
D) 3-
E) 2+
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
36) Aluminum forms an ion with a charge of __________.
A) 2+
B) 3-
C) 1+
D) 3+
E) 1-
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
37) Fluorine forms an ion with a charge of __________.
A) 1-
B) 1+
C) 2+
D) 3+
E) 3-
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
38) Iodine forms an ion with a charge of __________.
A) 7-
B) 1+
C) 2-
D) 2+
E) 1-
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
39) Oxygen forms an ion with a charge of __________.
A) 2-
B) 2+
C) 3-
D) 3+
E) 6+
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
40) Sulfur forms an ion with a charge of __________.
A) 2+
B) 2-
C) 3+
D) 6-
E) 6+
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
41) Predict the empirical formula of the ionic compound that forms from sodium and fluorine.
A) NaF
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
42) Predict the empirical formula of the ionic compound that forms from magnesium and fluorine.
A)
B) MgF
C)
D)
E)
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
43) Predict the empirical formula of the ionic compound that forms from magnesium and oxygen.
A)
B) MgO
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
44) Predict the empirical formula of the ionic compound that forms from aluminum and oxygen.
A) AlO
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
45) The correct name for SrO is __________.
A) strontium oxide
B) strontium hydroxide
C) strontium peroxide
D) strontium monoxide
E) strontium dioxide
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
46) The correct name for is __________.
A) potassium sulfate
B) potassium disulfide
C) potassium bisulfide
D) potassium sulfide
E) dipotassium sulfate
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
47) The correct name for is __________.
A) aluminum oxide
B) dialuminum oxide
C) dialuminum trioxide
D) aluminum hydroxide
E) aluminum trioxide
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
48) The correct name for is __________.
A) hydrocalcium
B) calcium dihydride
C) calcium hydroxide
D) calcium dihydroxide
E) calcium hydride
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
49) The correct name for SO is __________.
A) sulfur oxide
B) sulfur monoxide
C) sulfoxide
D) sulfate
E) sulfite
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
50) The correct name for is __________.
A) carbon chloride
B) carbon tetrachlorate
C) carbon perchlorate
D) carbon tetrachloride
E) carbon chlorate
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
51) The correct name for is __________.
A) nitrous oxide
B) nitrogen pentoxide
C) dinitrogen pentoxide
D) nitric oxide
E) nitrogen oxide
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
52) The correct name for is __________.
A) carbonous acid
B) hydrocarbonate
C) carbonic acid
D) carbohydrate
E) carbohydric acid
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
53) The correct name for is __________.
A) sulfuric acid
B) sulfurous acid
C) hydrosulfuric acid
D) hydrosulfic acid
E) sulfur hydroxide
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
54) The correct name for is __________.
A) hydrochloric acid
B) perchloric acid
C) chloric acid
D) chlorous acid
E) hydrochlorous acid
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
55) The correct name for is __________.
A) perchloric acid
B) chloric acid
C) hypochlorous acid
D) hypychloric acid
E) chlorous acid
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
56) The correct name of the compound is __________.
A) sodium nitride
B) sodium azide
C) sodium trinitride
D) sodium(III) nitride
E) trisodium nitride
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
57) The formula of bromic acid is __________.
A) HBr
B)
C) HBrO
D)
E)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
58) The correct formula for molybdenum(IV) hypochlorite is __________.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
59) The name of is __________.
A) potassium chloride
B) phosphorus trichloride
C) phosphorous(III) chloride
D) monophosphorous trichloride
E) trichloro potassium
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
60) The ions and form a salt with the formula __________.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
61) The correct formula of iron(III) bromide is __________.
A)
B)
C) FeBr
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
62) Element M reacts with fluorine to form an ionic compound with the formula . The M-ion has 18 electrons. Element M is __________.
A) P
B) Sc
C) Ar
D) Ca
E) Cr
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
63) Magnesium and sulfur form an ionic compound with the formula __________.
A) MgS
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
64) The formula of ammonium carbonate is __________.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
65) The formula of the chromate ion is __________.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
66) The formula of the carbonate ion is __________.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
67) The correct name for is __________.
A) magnesium chlorate
B) manganese chlorate
C) magnesium chloroxide
D) magnesium perchlorate
E) manganese perchlorate
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
68) What is the correct formula for ammonium sulfide?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
69) When calcium reacts with sulfur the compound formed is __________.
A)
B)
C) CaS
D)
E)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
70) Chromium and chlorine form an ionic compound whose formula is . The name of this compound is __________.
A) chromium chlorine
B) chromium(III) chloride
C) monochromium trichloride
D) chromium(III) trichloride
E) chromic trichloride
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
71) The name of the binary compound is __________.
A) nitrogen oxide
B) nitrous oxide
C) nitrogen(IV) oxide
D) dinitrogen tetroxide
E) oxygen nitride
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
72) The formula for zinc phosphate is . What is the formula for cadmium arsenate?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
73) The formula for aluminum hydroxide is __________.
A) AlOH
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
74) The name of the ionic compound is __________.
A) potassium perbromate
B) potassium bromate
C) potassium hypobromate
D) potassium perbromite
E) potassium bromide
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
75) The name of the ionic compound is __________.
A) vanadium(III) oxide
B) vanadium oxide
C) vanadium(II) oxide
D) vanadium(III) trioxide
E) divanadium trioxide
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
76) The name of the ionic compound is __________.
A) nitrogen hydrogen cyanate
B) ammonium carbonitride
C) ammonium cyanide
D) ammonium hydrogen cyanate
E) cyanonitride
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
77) The name of the ionic compound is __________.
A) ammonium phosphate
B) nitrogen hydrogen phosphate
C) tetrammonium phosphate
D) ammonia phosphide
E) triammonium phosphate
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
78) What is the formula for perchloric acid?
A) HClO
B)
C)
D)
E) HCl
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
79) The correct name for is __________.
A) hypoiodic acid
B) hydriodic acid
C) periodous acid
D) iodous acid
E) periodic acid
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
80) What is the molecular formula for propane?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.9
81) What is the molecular formula for nonane?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.9
82) What is the molecular formula for heptane?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.9
83) What is the molecular formula for n-hexanol?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.9
2.2 Multiple-Choice Questions
1) A molecule of water contains hydrogen and oxygen in a 1:8 ratio by mass. This is a statement of __________.
A) the law of multiple proportions
B) the law of constant composition
C) the law of conservation of mass
D) the law of conservation of energy
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
2) Which one of the following is not one of the postulates of Dalton's atomic theory?
A) Atoms are composed of protons, neutrons, and electrons.
B) All atoms of a given element are identical; the atoms of different elements are different and have different properties.
C) Atoms of an element are not changed into different types of atoms by chemical reactions: atoms are neither created nor destroyed in chemical reactions.
D) Compounds are formed when atoms of more than one element combine; a given compound always has the same relative number and kind of atoms.
E) Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
3) Consider the following selected postulates of Dalton's atomic theory:
(i) Each element is composed of extremely small particles called atoms.
(ii) Atoms are indivisible.
(iii) Atoms of a given element are identical.
(iv) Atoms of different elements are different and have different properties.
Which of the postulates is(are) no longer considered valid?
A) (i) and (ii)
B) (ii) only
C) (ii) and (iii)
D) (iii) only
E) (iii) and (iv)
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
4) Which pair of substances could be used to illustrate the law of multiple proportions?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E) NaCl, KCl
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.1
5) Which one of the following is not true concerning cathode rays?
A) They originate from the negative electrode.
B) They travel in straight lines in the absence of electric or magnetic fields.
C) They impart a negative charge to metals exposed to them.
D) They are made up of electrons.
E) The characteristics of cathode rays depend on the material from which they are emitted.
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
6) The charge on an electron was determined in the __________.
A) cathode ray tube, by J. J. Thompson
B) Rutherford gold foil experiment
C) Millikan oil drop experiment
D) Dalton atomic theory
E) atomic theory of matter
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
7) __________-rays consist of fast-moving electrons.
A) Alpha
B) Beta
C) Gamma
D) X
E) none of the above
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
8) The gold foil experiment performed in Rutherford's lab __________.
A) confirmed the plum-pudding model of the atom
B) led to the discovery of the atomic nucleus
C) was the basis for Thomson's model of the atom
D) utilized the deflection of beta particles by gold foil
E) proved the law of multiple proportions
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
9) In the Rutherford nuclear-atom model, __________.
A) the heavy subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus
B) the three principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the same mass
C) the light subatomic particles, protons and neutrons, reside in the nucleus
D) mass is spread essentially uniformly throughout the atom
E) the three principal subatomic particles (protons, neutrons, and electrons) all have essentially the same mass and mass is spread essentially uniformly throughout the atom
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
10) Cathode rays are __________.
A) neutrons
B) x-rays
C) electrons
D) protons
E) atoms
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
11) Cathode rays are deflected away from a negatively charged plate because __________.
A) they are not particles
B) they are positively charged particles
C) they are neutral particles
D) they are negatively charged particles
E) they are emitted by all matter
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
12) In the absence of magnetic or electric fields, cathode rays __________.
A) do not exist
B) travel in straight lines
C) cannot be detected
D) become positively charged
E) bend toward a light source
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
13) Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are electrically charged?
A) β-rays
B) α-rays and β-rays
C) α-rays, β-rays, and γ-rays
D) α-rays
E) α-rays and γ-rays
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
14) Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are not electrically charged?
A) α-rays
B) α-rays, β-rays, and γ-rays
C) γ-rays
D) α-rays and β-rays
E) α-rays and γ-rays
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
15) Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which are particles?
A) β-rays
B) α-rays, β-rays, and γ-rays
C) γ-rays
D) α-rays and γ-rays
E) α-rays and β-rays
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
16) Of the three types of radioactivity characterized by Rutherford, which is/are not particles?
A) β-rays
B) α-rays and β-rays
C) α-rays
D) γ-rays
E) α-rays, β-rays, and γ-rays
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.2
17) Of the following, the smallest and lightest subatomic particle is the __________.
A) neutron
B) proton
C) electron
D) nucleus
E) alpha particle
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
18) All atoms of a given element have the same __________.
A) mass
B) number of protons
C) number of neutrons
D) number of electrons and neutrons
E) density
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
19) Which atom has the smallest number of neutrons?
A) carbon-14
B) nitrogen-14
C) oxygen-16
D) fluorine-19
E) neon-20
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
20) Which atom has the largest number of neutrons?
A) phosphorus-30
B) chlorine-37
C) potassium-39
D) argon-40
E) calcium-40
Answer: D
Diff: 3
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
21) There are __________ electrons, __________ protons, and __________ neutrons in an atom of .
A) 132, 132, 54
B) 54, 54, 132
C) 78, 78, 54
D) 54, 54, 78
E) 78, 78, 132
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
22) An atom of the most common isotope of gold, 197Au, has __________ protons, __________ neutrons, and __________ electrons.
A) 197, 79, 118
B) 118, 79, 39
C) 79, 197, 197
D) 79, 118, 118
E) 79, 118, 79
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
23) Which combination of protons, neutrons, and electrons is correct for the isotope of copper, ?
A) 29 , 34 n°, 29
B) 29 , 29 n°, 63
C) 63 , 29 n°, 63
D) 34 , 29 n°, 34
E) 34 , 34 n°, 29
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
24) Which isotope has 45 neutrons?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
25) Which isotope has 36 electrons in an atom?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
26) Isotopes are atoms that have the same number of __________ but differing number of __________.
A) protons, electrons
B) neutrons, protons
C) protons, neutrons
D) electrons, protons
E) neutrons, electrons
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
27) The nucleus of an atom does not contain __________.
A) protons
B) protons or neutrons
C) neutrons
D) subatomic particles
E) electrons
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
28) The nucleus of an atom contains __________.
A) electrons
B) protons
C) neutrons
D) protons and neutrons
E) protons, neutrons, and electrons
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
29) Different isotopes of a particular element contain the same number of __________.
A) protons
B) neutrons
C) protons and neutrons
D) protons, neutrons, and electrons
E) subatomic particles
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
30) Different isotopes of a particular element contain different numbers of __________.
A) protons
B) neutrons
C) protons and neutrons
D) protons, neutrons, and electrons
E) None of the above is correct.
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
31) In the symbol shown below, x = __________.
A) 7
B) 13
C) 12
D) 6
E) not enough information to determine
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
32) In the symbol below, X = __________.
A) N
B) C
C) Al
D) K
E) not enough information to determine
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
33) In the symbol below, x = __________.
A) 19
B) 13
C) 6
D) 7
E) not enough information to determine
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
34) In the symbol below, x is __________.
A) the number of neutrons
B) the atomic number
C) the mass number
D) the isotope number
E) the elemental symbol
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
35) Which one of the following basic forces is so small that it has no chemical significance?
A) weak nuclear force
B) strong nuclear force
C) electromagnetism
D) gravity
E) Coulomb's law
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
36) Gravitational forces act between objects in proportion to their __________.
A) volumes
B) masses
C) charges
D) polarizability
E) densities
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
37) Silver has two naturally occurring isotopes with the following isotopic masses:
106.90509 108.9047
The average atomic mass of silver is 107.8682 amu. The fractional abundance of the lighter of the two isotopes is __________.
A) 0.24221
B) 0.48168
C) 0.51835
D) 0.75783
E) 0.90474
Answer: C
Diff: 4
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
38) The atomic mass unit is presently based on assigning an exact integral mass (in amu) to an isotope of __________.
A) hydrogen
B) oxygen
C) sodium
D) carbon
E) helium
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
39) The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is __________ amu.
A) 219.7
B) 220.4
C) 220.42
D) 218.5
E) 221.0
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
40) Element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is __________ amu.
A) 41.54
B) 39.68
C) 39.07
D) 38.64
E) 33.33
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
41) The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The isotopic masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is __________ amu.
A) 161.75
B) 162.03
C) 162.35
D) 163.15
E) 33.33
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
42) The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The isotopic masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is __________ amu.
A) 33.33
B) 55.74
C) 56.11
D) 57.23
E) 56.29
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
43) The element X has two naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is __________ amu.
A) 30.20
B) 33.20
C) 34.02
D) 35.22
E) 32.73
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
44) The average atomic weight of copper, which has two naturally occurring isotopes, is 63.5. One of the isotopes has an atomic weight of 62.9 amu and constitutes 69.1% of the copper isotopes. The other isotope has an abundance of 30.9%. The atomic weight (amu) of the second isotope is __________ amu.
A) 63.2
B) 63.8
C) 64.1
D) 64.8
E) 28.1
Answer: D
Diff: 4
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
45) The element X has three naturally occurring isotopes. The masses (amu) and % abundances of the isotopes are given in the table below. The average atomic mass of the element is __________ amu.
A) 17.20
B) 16.90
C) 17.65
D) 17.11
E) 16.90
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
46) Vanadium has two naturally occurring isotopes, 50V with an atomic mass of 49.9472 amu and 51V with an atomic mass of 50.9440. The atomic weight of vanadium is 50.9415. The percent abundances of the vanadium isotopes are __________% 50V and __________% 51V.
A) 0.25, 99.75
B) 99.75, 0.25
C) 49, 51
D) 1.0, 99
E) 99, 1.0
Answer: A
Diff: 4
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
47) An unknown element is found to have three naturally occurring isotopes with atomic masses of 35.9675 (0.337%), 37.9627 (0.063%), and 39.9624 (99.600%). Which of the following is the unknown element?
A) Ar
B) K
C) Cl
D) Ca
E) None of the above could be the unknown element.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.4
48) In the periodic table, the elements are arranged in __________.
A) alphabetical order
B) order of increasing atomic number
C) order of increasing metallic properties
D) order of increasing neutron content
E) reverse alphabetical order
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
49) Elements __________ exhibit similar physical and chemical properties.
A) with similar chemical symbols
B) with similar atomic masses
C) in the same period of the periodic table
D) on opposite sides of the periodic table
E) in the same group of the periodic table
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
50) Which pair of elements would you expect to exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and chemical properties?
A) H, Li
B) Cs, Ba
C) Ca, Sr
D) Ga, Ge
E) C, O
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
51) Which pair of elements would you expect to exhibit the greatest similarity in their physical and chemical properties?
A) O, S
B) C, N
C) K, Ca
D) H, He
E) Si, P
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
52) Which one of the following is a nonmetal?
A) W
B) Sr
C) Os
D) Ir
E) Br
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
53) Of the following, only __________ is not a metalloid.
A) B
B) Al
C) Si
D) Ge
E) As
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
54) Which of the following elements is a metaloid?
A) B
B) C
C) Ga
D) Se
E) In
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
55) The elements in groups 1A, 6A, and 7A are called, __________, respectively.
A) alkaline earth metals, halogens, and chalcogens
B) alkali metals, chalcogens, and halogens
C) alkali metals, halogens, and noble gases
D) alkaline earth metals, transition metals, and halogens
E) halogens, transition metals, and alkali metals
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
56) Which pair of elements below should be the most similar in chemical properties?
A) C and O
B) B and As
C) I and Br
D) K and Kr
E) Cs and He
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
57) An element in the upper right corner of the periodic table __________.
A) is either a metal or metalloid
B) is definitely a metal
C) is either a metalloid or a non-metal
D) is definitely a non-metal
E) is definitely a metalloid
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
58) An element that appears in the lower left corner of the periodic table is __________.
A) either a metal or metalloid
B) definitely a metal
C) either a metalloid or a non-metal
D) definitely a non-metal
E) definitely a metalloid
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
59) Elements in the same group of the periodic table typically have __________.
A) similar mass numbers
B) similar physical properties only
C) similar chemical properties only
D) similar atomic masses
E) similar physical and chemical properties
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
60) Which one of the following does not occur as diatomic molecules in elemental form?
A) oxygen
B) nitrogen
C) sulfur
D) hydrogen
E) bromine
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
61) Which one of the following molecular formulas is also an empirical formula?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
62) Which compounds do not have the same empirical formula?
A) ,
B) CO,
C) ,
D) ,
E) ,
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
63) Of the choices below, which one is not an ionic compound?
A)
B)
C) RbCl
D)
E) NaCl
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
64) Which type of formula provides the most information about a compound?
A) empirical
B) molecular
C) simplest
D) structural
E) chemical
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
65) A molecular formula always indicates __________.
A) how many of each atom are in a molecule
B) the simplest whole-number ratio of different atoms in a compound
C) which atoms are attached to which in a molecule
D) the isotope of each element in a compound
E) the geometry of a molecule
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
66) An empirical formula always indicates __________.
A) which atoms are attached to which in a molecule
B) how many of each atom are in a molecule
C) the simplest whole-number ratio of different atoms in a compound
D) the isotope of each element in a compound
E) the geometry of a molecule
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
67) The molecular formula of a compound is always __________ the empirical formula.
A) more complex than
B) different from
C) an integral multiple of
D) the same as
E) simpler than
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
68) Formulas that show how atoms are attached in a molecule are called __________.
A) molecular formulas
B) ionic formulas
C) empirical formulas
D) diatomic formulas
E) structural formulas
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.6
69) Of the following, __________ contains the greatest number of electrons.
A)
B) P
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
70) Which one of the following is most likely to lose electrons when forming an ion?
A) F
B) P
C) Rh
D) S
E) N
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
71) Which species has 54 electrons?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
72) Which species has 16 protons?
A) 31P
B) 34
C) 36Cl
D) 80
E) 16O
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
73) Which species has 18 electrons?
A) 39K
B) 32
C) 35Cl
D) 27
E) 64
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec 2.7
74) The species __________ contains 16 neutrons.
A) 31P
B) 34
C) 36Cl
D) 80
E) 16O
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
75) Which species is an isotope of 39Cl?
A) 40
B) 34
C) 36
D) 80Br
E) 39Ar
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
76) Which one of the following species has as many electrons as it has neutrons?
A) 1H
B) 40
C) 14C
D) 19
E) 14
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
77) There are __________ protons, __________ neutrons, and __________ electrons in 131 .
A) 131, 53, and 54
B) 131, 53, and 52
C) 53, 78, and 54
D) 53, 131, and 52
E) 78, 53, and 72
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
78) Which species has 48 electrons?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
79) Which of the following compounds would you expect to be ionic?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E) CaO
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
80) Which of the following compounds would you expect to be ionic?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
81) Which pair of elements is most apt to form an ionic compound with each other?
A) barium, bromine
B) calcium, sodium
C) oxygen, fluorine
D) sulfur, fluorine
E) nitrogen, hydrogen
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
82) Which pair of elements is most apt to form a molecular compound with each other?
A) aluminum, oxygen
B) magnesium, iodine
C) sulfur, fluorine
D) potassium, lithium
E) barium, bromine
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
83) Which species below is the nitride ion?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
84) Which species below is the sulfite ion?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
85) Which species below is the nitrate ion?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
86) Barium reacts with a polyatomic ion to form a compound with the general formula . What would be the most likely formula for the compound formed between sodium and the polyatomic ion X?
A) NaX
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
87) Aluminum reacts with a certain nonmetallic element to form a compound with the general formula . Element X must be from Group __________ of the Periodic Table of Elements.
A) 3A
B) 4A
C) 5A
D) 6A
E) 7A
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
88) The formula for a salt is XBr. The X-ion in this salt has 46 electrons. The metal X is __________.
A) Ag
B) Pd
C) Cd
D) Cu
E) Cs
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
89) The charge on the iron ion in the salt is __________.
A) +1
B) +2
C) +3
D) -5
E) -6
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
90) Which formula/name pair is incorrect?
A) manganese(II) nitrite
B) magnesium nitrate
C) manganese(II) nitrate
D) magnesium nitrite
E) magnesium permanganate
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
91) Which formula/name pair is incorrect?
A) iron(II) sulfate
B) iron(III) sulfite
C) FeS iron(II) sulfide
D) iron(II) sulfite
E) iron(III) sulfide
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
92) Which one of the following is the formula of hydrochloric acid?
A)
B)
C) HClO
D) HCl
E)
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
93) The suffix -ide is used primarily __________.
A) for monatomic anion names
B) for polyatomic cation names
C) for the name of the first element in a molecular compound
D) to indicate binary acids
E) for monoatomic cations
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
94) Which one of the following compounds is chromium(III) oxide?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
95) Which one of the following compounds is copper(I) chloride?
A) CuCl
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
96) The correct name for is __________.
A) monomagnesium difluoride
B) magnesium difluoride
C) manganese difluoride
D) manganese bifluoride
E) magnesium fluoride
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
97) A correct name for is __________.
A) iron nitrite
B) ferrous nitrite
C) ferrous nitrate
D) ferric nitrite
E) ferric nitrate
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
98) The correct name for is __________.
A) nitrous acid
B) nitric acid
C) hydrogen nitrate
D) hyponitrous acid
E) pernitric acid
Answer: A
Diff: 3
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
99) The proper formula for the hydronium ion is __________.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
100) The charge on the __________ ion is -3.
A) sulfate
B) acetate
C) permanganate
D) oxide
E) nitride
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
101) Which one of the following polyatomic ions has the same charge as the hydroxide ion?
A) ammonium
B) carbonate
C) nitrate
D) sulfate
E) phosphate
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
102) Which element forms an ion with the same charge as the ammonium ion?
A) potassium
B) chlorine
C) calcium
D) oxygen
E) nitrogen
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
103) Which element forms an ion with the same charge as the sulfate ion?
A) magnesium
B) copper
C) iron
D) phosphorus
E) oxygen
Answer: E
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
104) When a fluorine atom forms the fluoride ion, it has the same charge as the __________ ion.
A) sulfide
B) ammonium
C) nitrate
D) phosphate
E) sulfite
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
105) The formula for the compound formed between aluminum ions and phosphate ions is __________.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E) AlP
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
106) Which metal does not form cations of differing charges?
A) Na
B) Cu
C) Co
D) Fe
E) Sn
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
107) Which metal forms cations of differing charges?
A) K
B) Cs
C) Ba
D) Al
E) Sn
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
108) The correct name for is __________.
A) nickel (I) cyanide
B) nickel cyanate
C) nickel carbonate
D) nickel (II) cyanide
E) nickel (I) nitride
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
109) The correct name for is _________.
A) sodium oxide
B) sodium dioxide
C) disodium oxide
D) sodium peroxide
E) disodium dioxide
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
110) Which metal is not required to have its charge specified in the names of ionic compounds it forms?
A) Mn
B) Fe
C) Cu
D) Ca
E) Pb
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
111) What is the molecular formula for n-propanol?
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: C
Diff: 3
Page Ref: Sec. 2.9
2.3 Short Answer Questions
1) What group in the periodic table would the fictitious element be found?
Answer: VIIA
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
2) Carbon can exist in different forms called __________.
Answer: allotropes
Diff: 3
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
3) Which element in Group IA is the most electropositive?
Answer: francium
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
4) Which element in the halogen family is the most electronegative?
Answer: fluorine
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
5) The formula for potassium sulfide is __________.
Answer:
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
6) What is the name of an alcohol derived from hexane ___________?
Answer: hexanol
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.9
2.4 True/False Questions
1) The least electronegative halogen is astatine.
Answer: True
Diff: 3
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
2) The possible oxidation numbers for iron are +1 and +2.
Answer: False
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
3) The formula for chromium (II) iodide is .
Answer: True
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
4) is called selenic acid.
Answer: True
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
5) The correct name for is sodium azide.
Answer: False
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.8
2.5 Algorithmic Questions
1) An atom of 17O contains __________ protons.
A) 8
B) 25
C) 9
D) 11
E) 17
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
2) An atom of 15N contains __________ neutrons.
A) 7
B) 22
C) 8
D) 10
E) 15
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
3) An atom of 131I contains __________ electrons.
A) 131
B) 184
C) 78
D) 124
E) 53
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
4) 420 pm is the same as __________ Angstroms.
A) 4200
B) 42
C) 420
D) 4.2
E) 0.42
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.3
5) The mass number of an atom of 118Xe is __________.
A) 54
B) 172
C) 64
D) 118
E) 110
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
6) The atomic number of an atom of 80Br is __________.
A) 115
B) 35
C) 45
D) 73
E) 80
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
7) An ion has 8 protons, 9 neutrons, and 10 electrons. The symbol for the ion is __________.
A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.5
8) How many electrons does the ion possess?
A) 16
B) 10
C) 6
D) 0
E) 13
Answer: B
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
9) How many protons does the ion possess?
A) 34
B) 36
C) 6
D) 8
E) 35
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
10) Predict the charge of the most stable ion of bromine.
A) 2+
B) 1+
C) 3+
D) 1-
E) 2-
Answer: D
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
11) Predict the charge of the most stable ion of potassium.
A) 3+
B) 1-
C) 2+
D) 2-
E) 1+
Answer: E
Diff: 1
Page Ref: Sec. 2.7
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