Comma Study Guide and Rule Chart
(Carter)
Rule #1: Use a comma before the conjunction that joins the two main clauses of a compound sentence. Do not use a comma to separate parts of a compound predicate.
Example: Nurses use to be untrained, but now they must finish special training.
Rule# 2: In a series of 3 or more items, use a comma after every item except the last one.
Example: Nurses care for the sick, injured, and disabled.
Rule #3: Use commas between two or more adjectives of equal rank that modify the same noun. The adjectives are of equal rank if you can substitute the word “and” for the comma.
Example: Nurses are well-trained, caring individuals.
Rule #4: Use commas after an introductory word or phrase.
Example: After European nursing schools opened, Americans opened similar schools.
Rule #5: Use commas to set off one or more words that interrupt the flow of thought in the sentence
Example: Helping sick people, I believe, it is a worthy profession.
Rule #6: Use commas to set off nouns of a direct address.
Example: Robert, your mother and grandmother were both nurses.
Rule #7 Use commas to set off nonessential appositives. Appositives are nonessential if the meaning of the sentence is clear with out them.
Example: One group, the American Nurses’ association, admits only registered nurses.
Rule # 8 put a comma in the correct spot in a date and address. See the example below.
Example:
September 21, 2008.
Mail it by May 14, 2005, to Hampton Company, 321 Market Street, San Diego, California.
Rule #9 Use a comma in the correct spot in a letter.
Example:
Dear Jim,
Sincerely yours,
Rule #10 Use a Comma to clarify or avoid confusion.
Examples: By noon, time had run out.
What the teacher does, does matter!
While cooking, Jim burned his hand.
Source: http://www.smusd.org/cms/lib3/CA01000805/Centricity/Domain/3133/Comma_study_guide_and_Rule_Chart.doc
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